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1 оGɫͬF
1.1 bhG̶
,еĿfL2016Ŀf3434.23f,ͬL73.16%,ͬfI62850.45fԪ,ͬL61.79%;2017f4192.34f,ͬL22.08%,ͬfI78271.57fԪ,ͬL24.54%;2018f4981.17f,ͬL18.82%,ͬfI98588.08fԪ,ͬL25.96%1
,еĿfLM˽İlչ,ͬrҲ˴İbMԼhȾоGɫаbhGɫ̶ȵ{,xȡ˺дԵĿf˾Wc,MаbhGɫ̶ȵČ{,ÿfWc{Иӱ1000,{ЃBmһΕrgռȡrİbЩ,˽ռˌ̎r,ѭhðbϵ傀fWc{ДMнyӋ,lFbҪϴb㼈аbĭаb㼈ϴķN,傀fWcķNb͔Mƽ,õ1ʾ
1 fWcGɫb{r
1.2 \ݔͭhG̶
Ŀǰ,ʡh՚мw(PM2.5)ԴڙC܇βռ35%,ͬ,еĸ_45%,ϺеĞ29.2%,еĞ52.1%2,pٙC܇βȾ,ɞhpp“ؓ”yȼ܇هʯԴ,ʹ^Еŷһ̼̼wȾ,坍Դ܇܌Fʹ^еȾŷ,Ч܇βŷŎĭhȾ
猍˽еľGɫr,Pxȡ˾M{,˽@Щ˾Ŀǰ͵Ľͨߵr,xȡĴI\ݔߵԴ܇vryӋY2ʾ
2 IԴ܇vr
ɱ2֪,ҴIԴ܇vж,ɼ\ݔ܇vIԴ܇v^60%,ԠI܇vIƫ,͵IJ10%wҕǿ,IԴ܇ƽֻ39.6%,^
“һ”ýͨȫǃ݆늄܇,Դͨ_100%
1.3 GɫR{
lչоGɫ,HҪ,ҪVȺ֧,挍˽ĭhR,PߌоMˆ{ռ800Чӱ,PߌջصЧw{֪,ÿµİ13ľռ66%;˂յİ,bҪ㼈аbϴbԼ㼈cϴɷNϵĽMϰbӶ,քeռ53%58%57%;ڲ_Ɠpİb,74%x̎ʽM,b^,H37%^mʹC,аlչGɫ߀кܶ}ؽQ
2 GɫʹڵĆ}ԭ
ͨ^ЈľG̶ȵ{w{,֪ЈľG̶Ȳ,ôڵĆ}ԭʲô҂ҪPעc
2.1 bȾ
һʹϰbĿǰfҪbʽ,,ȾIҪȾԴ֮һ{Д͆{锵,ϰbռƫ,@bҪ:fbϴȌӰbõϱĤϩĤbϴһPEϻ,|cϩĤһӶϩ,PEϻɸNϩϽ^,¼ӹ,һЩ@NϴĿǰfIʹһNb,Ãrֵ,IԸͶY,˭hȾYԴM
2.2 b؏ʵ
{Ĕ@ʾ,ʹ^İbδƓp´μļʹõ˃H37%,ƓpİbxյăH23%,MߌbĻ؏R,еԭаbѭhwϵδȫ
2.3 ȼ܇vβŷȾ
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BhַϱصȾԴ,ȾԴλ:C܇βPm^IԴԴԼɢԴ,ЙC܇βȾռ ^ȾԴ,PM2.5ֵ,C܇βռ_35%4Դ\ݔ܇vռʮ֑,ܜpβŷɴ˱oh,ҲϺQ^Q۵İlչλ,Ҫ츣ȫ
2.4 Դ\ݔ܇vռʵ
lչGɫLJƏVԴ\ݔ܇vijᎧ,cu,ظˮ,Դ܇аl治HҪ늳늙C늿ȫܵȺļg},߀ҪڌHQ܇ߜ¶Լȫͨ^eˮ·ȼgy}Դ\ݔ܇õԭҪc
(1)늘wС
늘]ռ,늄܇ҲͺyƏVmǼ늄܇c,Ƽsڸİlչ,dҲȼ܇ҳ늕rg^L늘oռ,늄܇·,ҲRT
(2)Դ܇vʹóɱ^
ɱ}I@_Ԓ}Դ܇v,ُ܇ɱSޱBɱ,Ҫȼ܇MһЩԴ܇ƽ_ƳU,QһϵІ},ɱҲ^ߵ,Uijɱ,ஔIһv܇,ڛ]з؛ԴɢСI,],Ҫ͑ԴI
(3)늳˥p
IоԒ“ر”,ָǺܶÈ,ُ܇vijɱ,I\еr,3ԃǿԻرȻ,Գڇ늄܇늳r,˥pٶ^,ò܇ӻرҪ_ʼӯ,ҪR늳ܵQ늳صȆ},ʹIs늳ܶȲ,ϳ܇Il˶܇vȼ¼,l˹䰲ȫԵēn
(4)Oʩ
Դ܇δռ,Ҳζ܇ЈҲDzƵyȼ܇vaI朵ij,Լ|ķļgȶԴ܇v,ȼ܇ľSBȷwϵѽdz,늄܇ľSB,ه܇IOʩIJʹԴ܇vƏVK
(5)d
ڳ\ݔIy^ص؛Ʒ,@rI\ݔ܇vdҪ^,yȼ\ݔ܇v\,ȼ\ݔ܇vԴ܇@ƫ,Ҫ\,dͳɞԴ\ݔ܇vyƏVԭ֮һ
(6)hR
{醖ĽY,hR˂ڲȡfr̫עذb,ԭǴҶ֪bܻ؏,DzȡbSԭĿǰ]һ^ƵĻշʽ,ҲȱGɫP˽
3 аlչGɫͲԽh
GɫҪ,Gɫlչ,GɫaMƶȌ,_ĄIͼļʹÿɽ؏ʹõĭhb,ĄIȡʩտb,ְl]PeO,ٿbϵĜpú
3.1 оGɫb
bɵȾȾ,ԭǰbϵIJɽɵ,ЭhbǽQbȾĸ;fеľ_,õƳɵĺdw,@N_オⲻhȾȮȻҲЃI,|fѭhҲһԼǰ,ƷDƷһԼ,ɏUŷ,ѭhbϞwS],YL,ѭhʹ
3.2 оGɫbģʽ
ĄƷaIͨ^fQѺ߀f؛հbOԄӻՙCϢƽ_ȶNʽ,տfbI,ƶGɫfbѭhʹwϵ,ɲȡӋeֵʽ,ĄMȡr,O^ԵĻվc,MаbĻ,ISro腢cfbѭhúͻЄԻ؈
3.3 ӿԴ܇vOʩO
҇ܶһ,ȡ·ౣϺaNʽƏVIԴ܇vпԽbеƏV,ͬr,_PɷҎ,ԴҎIُ܇v,ȼ܇I\CMһĹܿ,oԴ\ݔ܇vԼ·̎ߵķ,ԴIԴ\ݔ܇v;ҎI\ݔ܇v̭Q,ُ\ݔ܇vԴ܇ռ;IُԴ܇moһaN,ĄIԴ\ݔ܇v
3.4 hR
ȫҪ·Έͤ,OGɫfYͶ,^ṩGɫfY,lżӿMGɫbóh;I̎ҒGɫfZM,NGɫfZ,ڠIIOþGɫbaƷչʾ_,չʾIGɫbaƷ,ռĿfȺռGɫb֪R,ȺþGɫbͻվGɫbR;ûW֙Cýwƽ_,_չИIGɫfճͨ^,ȫGɫfR
4 YՓ
GɫdzlչıȻڅSQۺBԇ^MһM,όǻӴ,@ҪõľGɫģʽϺʡͭhýlչаlչоGɫ,˺Q^QۺBԇ^Oİlչ,бҪ̽,ڳ^,ȫʡȫʾ˱lչGɫҪf,HҪú플ӰlչOӋ,ҪVeOc
īI
[1]Ą,.ձGɫlչĠrʾ[J].Їͨ,2011,25(1).
[2]S,.\҇GɫĬFlչ[J].pƼ,2019,35(7).
[3],w.GɫlչF҇Ćʾ[J].g,2018,37(2).
[4]Zi,G.ͼGɫhо[J].cƼ,2017(14).
[5]ȫ,ξS,̕Ծ,.҇Gɫlչо[J].Ƽ,2019,42(9).
[6],ܴ.Gɫ¿fbģʽĄ[J].KՓ,2018(10).
ע
12018о]ИIyӋ
2W,ʡ坍Դ܇lչҎx,20194
3BhlЇƄԴh(2019)
4ՈС:ƶط˜ʹ܇βŷ